Structural state of the cardiovascular system in patients with hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

The risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality in patients with hypertension increases in the presence of comorbid diseases. The prevalence of hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of 34.3%. The aim: to study the structural state of the heart based on echocardiography in patients with hypertension and COPD. 58 stable patients with stage II hypertension (Н) were examined. 26 patients had comorbid COPD categories A-C. The patients were divided into two groups: Gr I included patients with H and COPD ( n = 26), Gr II - patients with H ( n = 32). Gr I consisted of 15 men and 11 women ( P > 0.05), mean age - 57.0 (9.5) years. H of degree 1 was determined, in 11 - degree 2, in 10 patients - degree 3. Gr II consisted of 18 women and 14 men ( P > 0.05), the average age was 51.0 (8.1) years. 8 people had H of 1 degree, 2 degrees - 14, 3 degrees - 10 patients. An electrocardiographic study of the heart was carried out. Program Statistica 10.0 was used. Left ventricular ejection fraction in Gr I was 55,6(42,0;60,0)%, in Gr II -64,0(56,5;71,5)% ( P = 0,02). Left atrium in Gr I was 3,9(3,4;4,4) sm, in Gr II- 3,5(3,2;4,0) sm ( P = 0,02). EDV in Gr I was 139,5(118,5;147,6), in Gr II-145,0(123,9;158,5) ( P = 0,03). ESV in Gr I was 43,5(32,0;57,0), in Gr II-46,4(37,1;55,5) ( P = 0,4). ESD in Gr I -3,8(3,3;4,1), in Gr II-4,2(3,4;4,7) ( P = 0,8). Mean pulmonary artery pressure in Gr I -33,0(25,0;40,0) mm Hg, in Gr II-22,5(20,4;28,7) ( P = 0,002). The presence of comorbid COPD leads to the development of pulmonary hypertension followed by dilatation of the left atrium and the formation of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Hypertension contributes to an increase in cardiovascular risk, and therefore this cohort of patients needs the earliest possible comprehensive assessment of the structural and functional state of central hemodynamics.