Abstract
The results on investigations of mechanical properties of high-purity titanium with grains ranging from tens of nanometers up to a few micrometers subjected to uniaxial tension, compression and microindenting are presented. Different structural states in high-purity titanium were formed by severe plastic deformation according to the scheme «upsetting – extrusion – drawing» in combination with annealing at temperatures of 250–550° C and quasi-hydrostatic extrusion at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures. The values of yield strengths and microhardness for samples of high-purity titanium with grains of different sizes are determined. It was shown that the combination of severe plastic deformation with cryogenic quasi-hydrostatic extrusion allowed to create high-purity nanocrystalline titanium with high mechanical properties. The obtained experimental data were analyzed for the implementation of the Hall-Petch relation and discrepancy between the values of yield strengths in tension and compression (strength differential or S-D effect). Satisfactory fulfillment of the Hall-Petch relation for high-purity titanium in the whole range of the studied grain size values was shown and a noticeable difference in the yield values for compression and tension was found. The values of the coefficients in the Hall-Petch equation for deformation by tension, compression and microindenting were determined. These coefficients are noticeably lower than the corresponding values for the industrial grades of titanium, i.e. in high-purity titanium, the grain boundaries are weaker barriers for moving dislocations than in the industrial titanium, whose boundaries are enriched with impurities. The features of the acoustic waves emission during compression of samples in various structural states were studied. It was concluded that the deformation of titanium in all the investigated structural states was carried out by dislocation slip.
Highlights
Petr Stoev, The results on investigations of mechanical properties of high-purity titanium with grains ranging from tens of nanometers up to a few micrometers subjected to uniaxial tension, compression and microindenting are presented
Different structural states in highpurity titanium were formed by severe plastic deformation according to the scheme «upsetting – extrusion – drawing» in combination with annealing at temperatures of 250–550° C and quasi-hydrostatic extrusion at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures
Electron-microscopic studies of cross sections of deformed rods ∅5 mm showed (Fig. 1a) that the severe plastic deformation (SPD) scheme application resulted in formation of the submicrocrystalline state, characterized by an average grain size of about 150 nm
Summary
Petr Stoev, The results on investigations of mechanical properties of high-purity titanium with grains ranging from tens of nanometers up to a few micrometers subjected to uniaxial tension, compression and microindenting are presented. In [16] the role of the initial grain size of high-purity titanium samples, obtained by the SPD method and subsequent annealing, was studied in the evolution of their structure and variation of their properties under the impact of CD by the quasi-hydrostatic extrusion (QHE) method at liquid nitrogen temperature. It is of interest to study the mechanical properties of highpurity titanium when varying the grain size from tens of nanometers to several micrometers It is known [19, 20] that in some materials in the process of deformation the so-called S-D effect is observed, which lies in the different yield strengths when they are tested in uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression. The acoustic emission in the process of titanium deformation was studied, mainly, using the commercial grade VT1-0 titanium [21,22,23] in the standard coarse-grained state [24,25,26]
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