Structural Relationship among Physical Self-Efficacy, Psychological Well-Being, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Hotel Employees: Moderating Effects of Leisure-Time Physical Activity.

Ji-Hoon Kang,Kevin K Byon,Woo-Yeul Baek,Yun-Ho Ji

doi:10.3390/ijerph17238856

Abstract

Critics argue that service firms should pay more attention to human resource management’s psychological and voluntary aspects to contribute to overall organizational development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical self-efficacy on the psychological well-being and organizational citizenship behavior among hotel employees and the moderating effects of leisure-time physical activity on the relationships between the previously mentioned variables. To achieve the research purpose, 346 hotel employees working at the room, food, beverage, and kitchen departments of 10 hotels located in Seoul, South Korea, participated in the study. The researchers visited their department meetings and provided a brief description of the present study and informed consent forms to participate in the study. After obtaining written informed consent forms, the researchers distributed the surveys and asked participants to complete them. Several statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for examining the hypothesized model’s psychometric properties, and structural equation modeling (SEM) for testing the hypotheses were conducted using SPSS Ver. 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Results revealed that perceived physical ability and self-presentation confidence, and psychological well-being positively affected organizational citizenship behavior. Perceived physical ability also had a positive effect on psychological well-being. Lastly, leisure-time physical activity had a partial moderating role in the relationships between the variables mentioned above. This study suggests that promoting employees’ participation in leisure-time physical activity is needed to improve service workers’ organizational citizenship behavior via physical self-efficacy and psychological well-being enhancement.

Highlights

Due to the uncertainty of market environments, service firms are more dependent on their employees’ voluntary participation, which refers to a form of employees’ organizational citizenship behavior that voluntarily helps other coworkers beyond their defined work [1], and commitment than ever before
The current study aimed to investigate the effects of physical self-efficacy on the psychological well-being and organizational citizenship behavior among hotel employees and the moderating effects of leisure-time physical activity on the relationships between physical self-efficacy, psychological well-being, and organizational citizenship behavior
We examined if the effects of perceived physical self-efficacy on physical well-being and organizational citizenship behavior differ based on employees’ leisure-time physical activity levels

Summary

Introduction

Due to the uncertainty of market environments, service firms are more dependent on their employees’ voluntary participation, which refers to a form of employees’ organizational citizenship behavior that voluntarily helps other coworkers beyond their defined work [1], and commitment than ever before. The importance of the capability maximization of human resources to effectively cope with the environmental changes is increasing. Service firms, which actively interact with customers, have been focusing their organizational capabilities on members’ organizational immersion and. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 8856; doi:10.3390/ijerph17238856 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph

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