Abstract
This article investigates the material behavior within multiple-component systems. Specifically, a structural concrete element strengthened to flexure with externally-bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) material is considered. Enhancements of mechanical performances of the composite structural element resulting from synergies in the framework of the multiple-component system are studied. The research work comprises the determination of the constitutive relations for the materials considered separately as well as the investigation of materials’ response within a complex system such as the composite structural element. The definition of the material models involves a calibration of the model constants based on characterization tests. The constitutive relations are integrated into the finite element model to study the material behavior within the multiple-component system. Results obtained by finite element analysis are compared with experimental results from the literature. The finite element analysis provides valuable information about the evolution of some internal variables, such as mechanical damage accumulation. The material synergies find expression in the load-carrying capacity enhancement and the delay in the damage accumulation in concrete.
Highlights
This article investigates the structural response of materials considered either separately or as constituencies of a multiple-component composite system
The mechanical behavior of structural materials considered as elements of a multiplepredefined critical value, the procedure deactivates this finite element in the step of the incremental component system has been investigated
A finite element model has been built to shed light on the unknowns related to the composite externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement intersecting a new-formed zone of zero rigidity action: synergies in the materials' response and material failure behavior within the structural is analogous to their responses within an experimental study
Summary
This article investigates the structural response of materials considered either separately or as constituencies of a multiple-component composite system. Researchers focus on the investigation of optimal design of FRP strengthened beams [36] and on new solutions, such as near-surface mounted FRP reinforcement [37] Another novelty is the adding of discreet steel fibers in concrete: the materials’ synergies inhibit cracking and lead to further enhancement of the mechanical performances of the composite structural element [38]. A constitutive relation defined based on damage mechanics fundamentals is chosen to model the behavior of concrete and to investigate the synergy effect improving structural performance This approach provides an insight into the evolution of some internal (or non-observable) variables, such as the damage accumulated in the representative volume element. On the basis of the distribution of this variable obtained (for example) by finite element analysis, an accurate assessment of the resources remaining in the material subjected to a specified loading history can be assessed
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