Abstract
YFeO3, YFe0.95Co0.05O3, Y0.95Gd0.05FeO3 and Y1−xGdxFe0.95Co0.05O3 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) nanopowders were successfully fabricated via a low-temperature solid-state reaction technique. Results obtained using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectra indicate that YFeO3 nanopowders with Gd3+ and Co3+ ions co-doping at Y and Fe-sites were fabricated at 800 °C in sizes below 50 nm, and a distorted structure was obtained. Magnetic hysteresis loop analyses illustrate that ferromagnetic behavior of YFeO3 nanopowders can be enhanced with the addition of Gd and Co. Whereas the maximum and remnant magnetization of the powders were found to be about 5.24 and 2.6 emu/g, respectively, the optical band gap was around 2.4 eV, proving that co-doped YFeO3 nanopowders have a strong capability to absorb visible light. Because both magnetic and optical properties of these materials are greatly improved with the addition of Gd and Co, one can expect the scope of their potential application in the magnetic and optical fields to increase.
Highlights
As one of the cutting edge multiferroic materials, AFeO3 (A = La, Y and Sc) materials have been the focus of industry research because of their couple orderings of ferroelectricity and anti-ferromagnetism
While there is no report of co-doping of Co and Gd, the purpose of this paper is the study of co-doping of Co and Gd on YFeO3 with a particular emphasis on the microstructural, optical, and magnetic properties of the doped YFeO3 nanopowders
The pattern for the pristine YFeO3 nanopowders suggests the presence of the obvious orthorhombic YFeO3 pattern and that no minor impurity peaks were present
Summary
As one of the cutting edge multiferroic materials, AFeO3 (A = La, Y and Sc) materials have been the focus of industry research because of their couple orderings of ferroelectricity and anti-ferromagnetism. As a result, they have great potential application in data storage, information exchange, and 5G mobile phone systems [1]. YFeO3 has been reported to feature molecular ferroelectricity at low temperatures (10–40 K), good dielectric and magnetic properties [3,4,5,6], and is becoming one of the most widely investigated multiferroic materials. For Fe-site ion doping, the main improvement focus was the reduction of leakage current and the enhancement of magnetic
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