Structural, magnetic, and microwave features of Sc3+ ions substituted Sr0.5Ba0.5Fe12O19 nanohexaferrites

Abstract

In this study, magnetic, structural, and hyperfine interactions of Sc3+ ion substituted Sr0.5Ba0.5Fe12O19 (Sr0.5Ba0.5ScxFe12−xO19 (x ≤ 0.1)) nanohexaferrites (Sc→SrBa NHFs) have synthesized through the sonochemical approach. The structure and morphology were studied by XRD, SEM, HR-TEM, and TEM along with EDX. XRD analysis confirmed the hexaferrite formation having crystallite within the range of 45 to 79 nm. Both TEM, HR-TEM, and SEM analyses proved the hexagonal morphology of all products. All products show ferrimagnetic hysteresis loops at both Ts. The evaluation of M(H) hysteresis loops indicated that the Ms (saturation magnetization), Mr (remanence), Hc (coercivity), and nB(Bohr magneton number) gradually decline with the incorporation of Sc3+ ion. Higher doping contents (x ≥ 0.08) revealed a considerable decline in Mr and Hc, showing significant changes from hard to soft magnetic behavior at higher contents. Mössbauer spectra show that Sc3+ ions are located at commonly octahedral (Oh) 4 f2 site. It was also determined that a small amount of Sc3+ occupied the 2b site. The microwave features of the products were determined by measuring S-parameters within the 2–10 GHz range. It was presumed that the energy losses resulting from reflection encompass both electrical and magnetic loss components. The average value of the reflection coefficient is − 14.48–14.24 dB. A noteworthy attenuation of the reflected wave energy opens up broad prospects for practical applications as coatings for providing electromagnetic compatibility.