Abstract
Abstract From its inception as dementia praecox over a hundred years ago, schizophrenia was considered to be a disorder of the brain (Kraepelin, 1896). There were numerous early attempts to isolate the presumed macroscopic and microscopic pathology (e.g. Alzheimer, 1897; Southard, 1915), mainly inspired by concurrent successes in the neuropathology of general paralysis of the insane. However, research was unable consistently to replicate findings, considerably hindered as it was by a lack of operationalised diagnostic criteria, problems with the selection of brains for analysis, postmortem artefacts, and inadequate controls (see Chapter 14). The diagnostic non-specificity of findings, and the absence of an overall hypothesis also hampered the development of a consensus view.
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