Abstract
Structural Hurdles to Large-Scale Forest Restoration in the Brazilian Amazon
Highlights
Since August 2019, pictures of Amazonia in flames have received global attention and drawn the attention of international media, governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) toward exponentially increasing deforestation rates, highlighting the need for innovations for sustainable development of the region to mitigate global climate crises and threats to biodiversity (Lovejoy and Nobre, 2019)
The forest landscape restoration concept extends beyond pure ecological restoration, i.e., the restitution of biodiversity and ecosystem structure and functioning to original, old-growth forest levels (Mansourian et al, 2017), to include agroforestry systems, tree plantations and further initiatives to restitute the forest canopy (Stanturf et al, 2014) aiming to link ecological needs to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services with the economic demands of local communities and land owners (Celentano et al, 2017; Urzedo et al, 2020a)
Income possibilities refer to income generated through supply chains, payments for ecosystem services (PES), and the trade of products from agroforestry systems
Summary
Since August 2019, pictures of Amazonia in flames have received global attention and drawn the attention of international media, governments and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) toward exponentially increasing deforestation rates, highlighting the need for innovations for sustainable development of the region to mitigate global climate crises and threats to biodiversity (Lovejoy and Nobre, 2019). By integrating and amplifying the number of trees in gardens, farms or forests, these silvicultural activities aim to reverse soil and land degradation, increasing the productivity and functionality of the entire landscape (Besseau et al, 2018). Given these multiple benefits, forest landscape restoration initiatives have been frequently included in corporate sustainability strategies to achieve carbon neutrality and demonstrate social and environmental commitment (Seymour, 2020). Hurdles to Amazonian Forest Restoration (Nunes et al, 2020) (Figure 1)
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