Structural Equation Modeling of Person-Centered Nursing in Hospital Nurses.

Yeon Hee Bae,Hye-Ah Yeom

doi:10.3390/healthcare10030514

Yeon Hee Bae, Hye-Ah Yeom

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10030514

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Abstract

Background: This study aimed to develop and test a model of person-centered nursing (PCN) for hospital nurses using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The subjects of this study were 340 clinical nurses in South Korea. A survey was conducted using an online questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Results of the validity test of the hypothesized model showed that goodness-of-fit indices satisfied the criteria (χ2 = 573.767 (df = 257, p < 0.001), TLI = 0.92, CFI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.02, RMSEA = 0.06), and 10 of the 15 paths established in the hypothesized model were statistically supported. The model’s explanatory power was 82%, which showed that empathy directly and indirectly affected PCN, and that nursing competency directly affected clinical nurse performance of PCN. In addition, nursing competency, interpersonal relationship ability, and moral sensitivity indirectly influenced PCN through empathy. Conclusions: In order to promote PCN for clinical nurses, it is desirable to develop in-hospital education programs that can improve nursing competency, interpersonal relationship ability, and moral sensitivities, emphasizing elements of empathy. Empathy was an important mediating factor that influenced the relationships between PCN and related variables.

Highlights

Patient-centered healthcare services are a major concept in the healthcare field [1]
South Korea, the domain of person-centeredness is included in Korean hospital evaluation criteria [2], and patient experiences with patient-centered care have been assessed by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) [3]
This study developed the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of person-centered nursing (PCN) for hospital nurses based on the PCN framework [12] and examined the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on PCN

Summary

Introduction

Patient-centered healthcare services are a major concept in the healthcare field [1]. Hospitals reflect the concept of person-centered care in their policies and visionary plan [4], and make efforts to maintain their healthcare service environments in ways that are more supportive of patient rights [5]. Despite the importance of person-centered healthcare services, nurses working at hospitals can experience barriers to person-centered care due to work overload, problems in inter-professional relationships, and/or lack of advanced knowledge in patient care [6,7]. This study aimed to develop and test a model of person-centered nursing (PCN) for hospital nurses using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Nursing competency, interpersonal relationship ability, and moral sensitivity indirectly influenced PCN through empathy. Conclusions: In order to promote PCN for clinical nurses, it is desirable to develop in-hospital education programs that can improve nursing competency, interpersonal relationship ability, and moral sensitivities, emphasizing elements of empathy. Empathy was an important mediating factor that influenced the relationships between PCN and related variables

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