Abstract
Low‐dimensional metal–organic frameworks (LD MOFs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years, which successfully combine the unique properties of MOFs, e.g., large surface area, tailorable structure, and uniform cavity, with the distinctive physical and chemical properties of LD nanomaterials, e.g., high aspect ratio, abundant accessible active sites, and flexibility. Significant progress has been made in the morphological and structural regulation of LD MOFs in recent years. It is still of great significance to further explore the synthetic principles and dimensional‐dependent properties of LD MOFs. In this review, recent progress in the synthesis of LD MOF‐based materials and their applications are summarized, with an emphasis on the distinctive advantages of LD MOFs over their bulk counterparties. First, the unique physical and chemical properties of LD MOF‐based materials are briefly introduced. Synthetic strategies of various LD MOFs, including 1D MOFs, 2D MOFs, and LD MOF‐based composites, as well as their derivatives, are then summarized. Furthermore, the potential applications of LD MOF‐based materials in catalysis, energy storage, gas adsorption and separation, and sensing are introduced. Finally, challenges and opportunities of this fascinating research field are proposed.
Highlights
Great efforts have been devoted to preparing nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) crystals with controllable size and morphology, in order to achieve enhanced performance in certain applications.[21–24]
The dimensions of MOFs have a profound influence on their physicochemical properties.[30,77]. Compared to their bulk counterparts, LD MOFs possess unique structural advantages, such as good flexibility and abundant surface active sites, which endow them with new functions
MOF nanorods were first synthesized under ultrasonication in the presence of triethylamine (TEA)
Summary
The dimensions of MOFs have a profound influence on their physicochemical properties.[30,77] Compared to their bulk counterparts, LD MOFs possess unique structural advantages, such as good flexibility and abundant surface active sites, which endow them with new functions. The dimensions of MOFs have a profound influence on their physicochemical properties.[30,77] Compared to their bulk counterparts, LD MOFs possess unique structural advantages, such as good flexibility and abundant surface active sites, which endow them with new functions. The enhancement in fluorescence quenching performance for Cu-TCPP nanosheets may be attributed to the 2D structures, which possess higher density of accessible surface sites as compared to their bulk counterparts, facilitating energy and electron transfer between fluorescent molecules and quenching agent. Benefiting from the strong coordination bonds and reduced size in one or two dimensions, LD MOFs, especially ultrathin 2D MOF nanosheets and 1D MOF nanofibers, usually exhibit good mechanical property and high flexibility These properties facilitate the fabrication of functional MOF thin films for the applications of gas storage and separation. Compared to the electrode composed of Cu-CTA powder, the electrode of MOF nanowire array exhibited good rate performance and cycling stability
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