Abstract
The aerial parts of Salvia cinnabarina afforded two undescribed labdane diterpenoids 1 and 2 (malonylcommunol and 6β-hydroxy-trans-communic acid) along with two known labdane diterpenoids, trans-communic acid (3) and trans-communol (4). Additionally, seven known metabolites were also isolated; two isopimarane diterpenoids 5 and 6, two sesquiterpenoids identified as β-eudesmol (7) and cryptomeridiol (8), and three aromatic compounds identified as phthalic acid (9), a mixture of tyrosol fatty acid esters (10) and the flavone salvigenine (11). While compounds compounds 1–3 showed significant inhibition of yeast α-glucosidase, compounds 2, 3 and 7 had no anti-inflammatory activity in the edema model induced by TPA. This paper is not only the first report on a wild population of Salvia cinnabarina, but also of the presence of labdane-type diterpenoids in a Mexican Salvia sp.
Highlights
Salvia L. is the largest genus of Lamiaceae family of plants, with over 1000 species distributed worldwide [1]
Several Salvia species are utilized in different regions of the country for treatment of various ailments, with some well recognized as part of several medicinal plant complexes [2]
Martens and Galeotti (Section Incarnatae), a plant originating from Mexico, is used for the treatment of colic and rheumatism in the Mexican state of Chiapas
Summary
Salvia L. is the largest genus of Lamiaceae family of plants, with over 1000 species distributed worldwide [1]. The name of the genus derives from the Latin verb “salvare” which means to heal. This is very likely due to the fact that some of these plant species Mexico is one of the most important areas of diversification of the genus in the world, with over 319 species, representing ca. Several Salvia species are utilized in different regions of the country for treatment of various ailments, with some well recognized as part of several medicinal plant complexes [2]. Antibacterial and spasmolytic activities have been described for this species [4]
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