Structural-dynamic features of population employment in Ukraine service industry sphere

Abstract

The structural-dynamic peculiarities of employment in the service industry are investigated. The facts that the service industry plays an increasing role in the economic growth of the countries and that the share of employed in the service industry in the countries with the developed market economy is 75–80% are emphasized. Therefore, Ukrainian economy has significant capacity for the employment increase in this industry. It is determined that the high share of employed in industries requiring highly skilled personnel indicates the development of innovative-technological economy sectors. It will promote the country’s GDP growth in future. The share of employment in such industries is defined to remain insignificant in Ukraine, as typical for to the countries with transition economies. The structure of employment in the service industry sectors in Ukraine and developed countries is determined to be distinctly different, although it provides Ukraine with additional opportunities to develop competitive sectors of service industry. It is revealed that the average weighted rate of employment growth has declined in 2018 in comparison with 2013 (81.59%), which is peculiar to the Ukrainian economy in general, where the 80.18 employment growth for the same period was caused by decline of economic activity in the country and was related to the unstable political situation and military actions, substantial inflation, declining foreign direct investment, etc. The formation of employment structure in service industry is influenced by transformation processes characteristic for the countries with transition economies. The evidence of effective development of service indusrtry is the growth of labor productivity. The significant share of employment in the region's service industry, along with low labour productivity, indicates the substantial shadowing of employment. In Ukraine, the level of informal employment is the highest in trade, transport and temporary accommodation sectors. At the same time, the growing share of employed in the industries with high added value like ICT, finances, healthcare, administrative and support services, scientific and professional activity, etc. indicates the efficient structural transformation of Ukrainian economy.