Structural characterization of minor optically pure and impure meroterpenoid-type compounds in Ganoderma lucidum and structure revision of spirolingzhine D

Abstract

Miscellaneous meroterpenoids in Ganoderma are newly discovered compounds. Structure clarification of challengeable spiro-meroterpenoids with a 6/5/5 (7) ring system is of necessity because of their typical existence in Ganoderma. In this study, optically pure or impure nine meroterpenoids including seven new ones, spiroganodermaines H−J (1, 4 and 5), spiroapplanatumine K (2), lucidumones I−K (7–9), and two known ones, were isolated from G. lucidum. Their structures were identified by using spectroscopic and computational methods. Structurally, spirolingzhine D was revised its absolute configuration by using synthetic method. Finally, their biological properties on chronic disease associated markers such as insulin resistance and renal fibrosis were briefly discussed. The current chemistry-focusing study will lay the foundation for explicating the functional role of Ganoderma meroterpenoids in promoting health.