Abstract
Structural characterization of the β-polymorph of glycolaldehyde dimer by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared spectroscopies is described. The previously described α-polymorph and the β-polymorph both crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system, space group P21/c, but with different cell parameters. There are no significant differences in the glycolaldehyde dimer molecular structure, the molecules in both polymorphs are trans-isomers with the hydroxyl groups in axial positions. The two polymorphs have a different arrangement of the glycolaldehyde dimer molecules. In the previously reported α-polymorph the molecules are arranged in hydrogen bonded layers parallel to (100) while in the β-polymorph the hydrogen bonded molecules are arranged in a three-dimensional network. Theoretically calculated Gibbs free energy as well as differential scanning calorimetry indicate β-polymorph to be the stable crystal phase of glycolaldehyde.
Highlights
T HE emerging new technologies of additive manufacturing together with expanding requirements for degradable materials have stimulated research and development of new biopolymers
Analysis of the bond lengths revealed that the C−O bonds in one symmetrically independent glycolaldehyde dimer molecule in the β-form is lengthened in comparison to the previously reported α-glycolaldehide dimer[5] (Supporting Information, Table S1)
There are no significant differences in the molecular structures of the two polymorphs the molecular packing is different
Summary
T HE emerging new technologies of additive manufacturing together with expanding requirements for degradable materials have stimulated research and development of new biopolymers. Abstract: Structural characterization of the β-polymorph of glycolaldehyde dimer by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared spectroscopies is described. There are no significant differences in the glycolaldehyde dimer molecular structure, the molecules in both polymorphs are trans-isomers with the hydroxyl groups in axial positions.
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