Structural behaviour of cold-formed steel elliptical hollow section stub columns after exposure to ISO-834 fire curve

Abstract

The present study undertakes the post-fire stub column behaviour of cold-formed steel elliptical hollow sections (CFS-EHS) by experimental and numerical analyses. A total of 18 CFS-EHS stub column specimens made up of four cross-section series was firstly prepared, heated in a gas furnace as per the ISO-834 standard fire and then naturally cooled down to ambient temperature. Four fire exposure temperatures of 300 °C, 550 °C, 750 °C and 900 °C were adopted. Details of the experimental campaign, e.g., specimen preparation, test procedures and results, are presented. Accurate finite element (FE) model was established to mimic the experimental responses from various perspectives. Exhaustive parametric studies were subsequently conducted on 224 post-fire CFS-EHS stub columns to generate substantial data. The test and FE results were compared with the strength calculations using the equivalent diameter method and equivalent rectangular hollow section method developed for hot-finished steel elliptical hollow sections without fire exposure, the Direct Strength Method (DSM) stipulated in the American Specification AISI S100, as well as the modified DSM previously calibrated for CFS-EHS without fire exposure. By replacing the material properties obtained at ambient temperature with the post-fire material properties in the aforementioned design methods, it is shown that the equivalent section methods and the existing DSM overly underestimate the column strengths, whilst the modified DSM yields precise and reliable strength estimations. It is recommended to adopt the modified DSM for calculating the residual compressive strengths of CFS-EHS stub columns after exposure to the ISO-834 standard fire.