Abstract

The protocoatomer hypothesis states that MC proteins were key to the origin of the eukaryotes because they form the scaffold of the multi-protein complexes that they use to manipulate membranes. Despite their common origin, eukaryotic MCs display impressive variations in sequence, structure, architecture, interaction, and cage formation. Using a structural approach, proteins with the MC architecture have been detected in bacteria, in the PVC superphylum and in Bacteroidetes. In one bacterial species, Gemmata obscuriglobus, at least one MC-like protein is in tight interaction with the internal membranes and involved in endocytosis. This represents the first molecular link between a bacterial and the eukaryotic endomembrane systems, suggestive of a possible evolutionary relationship between both systems.

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