Abstract
ZnO nano-spheres and micro-sized hollow spheres/cages have been prepared on two different substrates, Si(100) and steel alloy, by a simple vapor–solid reaction method using different zinc precursors i.e. ZnCl 2 and metallic zinc powder in the presence of oxygen at different process temperatures. The morphological studies show that the deposited ZnO micro-sized hollow spheres/cages have average sizes in the range of 1–5 μm while ZnO nano-spheres vary from 200 to 500 nm. Transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis showed a wurtzite hexagonal structure for the synthesized products which are highly crystalline and grown along the [0001] direction. The Raman spectra exhibited a characteristic ZnO wurtzite hexagonal peak at 436.9 cm −1 in the case of Si(100) substrate, while at 437 cm −1 in the case of steel alloy substrate. The room temperature photoluminescence spectra in both the cases showed a broad band in the visible region with suppressed and short UV emission indicating that these structures have more structural defects.
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