Structural and Magnetic Studies on Chromium substituted Ni-Zn Nano Ferrite Synthesized by Citrate Gel Auto Combustion Method

Abstract

Nano crystalline Ni0.5Zn0.5CrxFe2−xO4 particles with x varying from 0.00 to 0.25 in steps of 0.05 have been synthesized through citrate gel autocombustion method. When Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nano particles were annealed at 1000 °C, the crystallite size increased while the lattice constant decreased slightly. For, the Cr3+ substituted samples annealed at 1000 °C, the variation in lattice constant, bondlengths, Me-Me distances and other structural parameters have been attributed to the dissimilarity in the ionic radius of the displaced (Fe3+) ion and the substituted (Cr3+) ion. Thermal studies indicated the autocombustion process which is an exothermic reaction between the nitrates salt solutions and the citric acid took place at about a temperature of 400 °C for Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4. The M-H loops for all samples indicated a soft ferrite nature for all samples. The non-saturated hysteresis loop and high coercivity for the as prepared Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nano particles has been attributed to the core-shell structure of the fine particles. When annealed at 1000 °C the saturation magnetization of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nano particles increased and attained the bulk value (70emu/gm). The specific saturation magnetization has been observed to decrease with increasing Cr3+ substitution and is ascribed to the reduction in the predominant A-B exchange interaction mechanism. By considering the site preferences cations a suitable distribution of the cations among the A & B-sites has been proposed for Ni0.5Zn0.5CrxFe2−xO4 nano particles annealed at 1000 °C and has been verified using the X-ray diffraction line intensity calculations. The FT-IR spectra of the annealed ferrite powders showed two significant absorption bands in the wave numbers around 400 cm−1 & 580 cm−1 and an additional shoulder at 360cm−1. The position and width of the bands have been observed to vary with Cr3+ substitution. The results of IR spectra are in support of the proposed cation distribution.