Structural and functional properties of actinomycetal communities in chernozems and saline soils of Ukraine

Abstract

In the profiles of ordinary and southern chernozems, the total numbers of amylolytic microorganisms and actinomycetes decreased with the depth by 2.4–4.2 and 3.4 times, respectively; in the profiles of solonetz and solonchak soils, by 4.2–5.3 and 4.8 times, respectively. In the genetic horizons of the ordinary and southern chernozems, the share of actinomycetes amounted to 29–30% of the total population of microorganisms; in the saline soils, it increases with the depth from 23 to 43%. In the chernozems, Streptomyces violaceomaculatus (Roseus section), St. sporoherbeus (Azureus), St. aerionidulus (Cinereus), St. enduracidicus (Cinereus), and St. grisinus (Cinereus) predominated; in the saline soils, St. violaceomaculatus and St. aerionidulus prevailed. In the ordinary chernozem, the Berger-Parker index was 1.5 times higher than in the southern chernozem. High similarity was found between the streptomycete communities in the chernozems (the Sorensen coefficient was 0.78). In the solonetzes, the species richness of the streptomycetes was higher by 1.7 times than in the solonchaks. In the chernozems, the similarity of the streptomycete communities was higher than in the solonchaks (0.78 and 0.60, respectively).