Abstract
The structural and functional composition of humic acids in natural and urbanized areas of the European Far North and the Arctic has been studied using modern physical and chemical research methods. It is shown that the content of fulvic acids for most of the studied soils is higher than humic acids; in soils, the process of humus formation is humate (replantozem, pelozem and humus-peat soil), humate-fulvate (turf soil, culturozem and urbanozem) and fulvate type (gleezem and lithozem); macromolecules of humic acids and himatomelanic acids of the studied soils are predominantly aliphatic in nature, with a high proportion of aromatic fragments, and FA have an aromatic structure. In addition, humus acids of natural soils located in more Northern regions are characterized by a high content of oxygen-containing functional groups compared to humus acids preparations of natural soils located to the South (turf and peat)
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