Abstract
This paper uses a multi-period PSM-DID model to explore the impact of land transfers on food production from a spatial perspective and analyses the income effects, scale effects, and structural effects of such transfers. The empirical results are as follows. (1) Land transfers have reduced the proportion of food crops planted by farmers, and the planting structure has shifted towards cash crops, which has obvious structural effects. (2) The impact of land transfers on the planting structure is spatially heterogeneous. Land transfers are more common in the south than in the north. Land transfers have reduced wheat planting in the north, while rice planting has been reduced in the south. (3) Land transfers have increased the operating income of farmers and have an income effect, but the income of farmers in the north is higher than that of farmers in the south. (4) Land transfers do not have scale effects. Current land transfers among farmers are mainly conducted on a small scale and do not improve farmers’ efficiency in planting food. The following suggestions are proposed. (1) A market mechanism for land transfers should be established to promote large-scale land transfers. (2) The trend towards non-grain cultivation due to land transfers should be halted to ensure food security. (3) The different impacts of urbanization in the northern and southern regions should be considered, and the division of labour in grain-producing areas should be strengthened. (4) Land transfer models should be developed, and the development of smart agriculture should be explored.
Highlights
In China, land ownership lies with the state, but farmers have the right to contract and use the land
Because land has the dual functions of production and social security, it is necessary to understand decision-making behaviours regarding food production and the micro-mechanisms used by farmers before and after a land transfer, and understanding the impact of land transfers on food production efficiency and food security is especially important
Regional heterogeneity in land transfers is explored from a spatial perspective, the impact of land transfers on the grain planting structure as a micro-mechanism of farmers is explored, and the utility of land transfer due to income effects, scale effects, and structural effects is analysed
Summary
In China, land ownership lies with the state, but farmers have the right to contract and use the land. Given such largeby small farm households, and had been transferred to professional cooperatives. Of with the land is no longer used for growingbusiness food Given such largescale land transfers, along the reorganization of agricultural entities and the Figure 2b illustrates part of the trend towards non-grain farming. Is the impact of land transfer on food production spatially heterogeproduction efficiency, and sustainable of agriculture?. Answering these questions has great theoretical and practical significance for the sustainable development of agriculture, food security, and the efficient use of of land. Regional heterogeneity in land transfers is explored from a spatial perspective, the impact of land transfers on the grain planting structure as a micro-mechanism of farmers is explored, and the utility of land transfer due to income effects, scale effects, and structural effects is analysed. Using a multiperiod heterogeneous difference-in-differences (DID) model, the problem of understanding land transfers among farmers at multiple points in time is better addressed
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