Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the most attractive biomaterials and widely used as a bone substitute due to its compositions are similar to the minerals in teeth and bones. Understanding of natural HA properties are useful in order to produces high quality of HA. In this paper, we report an easy and low cost method to extract the natural HA from femur cow bone and subsequently sintered at different temperature from 900 oC to 1300 oC. Structural, composition and surface morphology of natural Hydroxyapatite (HA) at different sintering temperatures (900 ̊ C, 1000 ̊ C, 1100 ̊ C, 1200°C and 1300 ̊ C) were discussed. The HA structural, composition and surface morphology were studied by using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively. The results show the main HA phases were detected in the range of 31.72o - 31.82o (2Ө) for all sintered HA corresponding to 211 plane. The crystallite size of HA increases with sintering temperature from 900 ̊C to 1100 ̊C. Spectrums of FTIR revealed the existences of functional groups of carbonate (CO3 2-), phosphate (PO4 3-) and hydroxyl (OH-) peaks. SEM micrographs presented small and homogenous grains from 900°C to 1100°C. The grains look interconnected as sintering temperature increased at 1200°C and 1300°C. From this study, sintering process was found to be an easy and low cost method to produce natural HA from femur cow bones.
Highlights
Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is a bioceramic that attracted much attention to be used in biomedical application, since its compositions similar to the minerals in teeth and bone
In this study we report an easy and low cost method to extract the natural HA from femur cow bone and subsequently sintered at different temperature from 900 oC to 1300 oC
At 1100 ̊ C sintering temperature, the formation of HA was in optimum condition which is at highest intensity
Summary
Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is a bioceramic that attracted much attention to be used in biomedical application, since its compositions similar to the minerals in teeth and bone. This bioceramic can be used as a bone substitute materials due to theirs excellent osteoconductivity and non-toxicity properties. Many studies were employed on the natural HA that sintered at low and high temperatures using synthesis process in order to study the temperature effect on physicochemical properties of HA [9,10,11,12]. In this study we report an easy and low cost method to extract the natural HA from femur cow bone and subsequently sintered at different temperature from 900 oC to 1300 oC. Surface morphology of sintered HA presented in this paper
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