Abstract
Harvesting abundant mechanical energy has been considered one of the promising technologies for developing autonomous self-powered active sensors, power units, and Internet-of-Things devices. Among various energy harvesting technologies, the triboelectric harvesters based on contact electrification have recently attracted much attention because of their advantages such as high performance, light weight, and simple design. Since the first triboelectric energy-harvesting device was reported, the continuous investigations for improving the output power have been carried out. This review article covers various methods proposed for the performance enhancement of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), such as a triboelectric material selection, surface modification through the introduction of micro-/nano-patterns, and surface chemical functionalization, injecting charges, and their trapping. The main purpose of this work is to highlight and summarize recent advancements towards enhancing the TENG technology performance through implementing different approaches along with their potential applications.Graphic This paper presents a comprehensive review of the TENG technology and its factors affecting the output power as material selection, surface physical and chemical modification, charge injection, and trapping techniques.
Highlights
Intense work is dedicated to realizing alternative ways of producing electricity to meet the ongoing demands of more sustainable and environmentally friendly power sources
triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) was first reported by Wang and co-workers [13] in 2012, and subsequent studies in this area highlighted the advantages as high-output performance, lightweight, low cost, available material selection, simple design, and environmental friendliness [8, 14]
Considering the discussion above, this paper presents a comprehensive review of TENG and its factors affecting the output power, e.g., material selection, surface physical and chemical modification, charge injection, and trapping techniques
Summary
Intense work is dedicated to realizing alternative ways of producing electricity to meet the ongoing demands of more sustainable and environmentally friendly power sources. Apart from being lightweight and sustainable, these power sources should be flexible, stretchable, and eco-friendly. Mechanical energy harvesting is an attractive way of creating fully integrated and wearable self-powered microsystems that overcome the drawbacks of capacitors/batteries such as limited capacity, short. The technologies of harvesting electricity at micro/nanoscale have attracted a lot of attention. TENG has proven to be a powerful technology for generating electricity from low-frequency mechanical energy. TENG was first reported by Wang and co-workers [13] in 2012, and subsequent studies in this area highlighted the advantages as high-output performance, lightweight, low cost, available material selection, simple design, and environmental friendliness [8, 14]. Since the first report, promising results have been achieved in the development of TENG with instantaneous peak output power density reaching 500 W/m2 and with an instantaneous power conversion efficiency of 85% [15]
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