Structural Analysis of the Relationship between Parenting Attitudes of Fathers and Effortful Control and Externalizing Behaviors of Children with Disabilities: Verification of the Moderating Effect of Disability Acceptance as Contextual Self-Understanding

Abstract

본 연구는 장애아동의 올곧은 발달권 보장이라는 큰 틀 위에 순적한 생애주기 진행을 도모하고자, 현재는 물론 미래시점에도 저해요인으로 작용하는 외현화 행동에 초점을 맞춰 이의 요인과 메커니즘, 그리고 상황적 요인에 따른 변화특성을 실증적으로 분석하여 실천적 함의를 도출하고자 하였다. 이에 장애아동이 포함된 장애인가족 116가구를 편의표집 방법으로 확보하고 구조화된 설문지를 통해 자료를 수집한 후 그간 소홀히 다루어졌던 아버지변수와 장애특성 상황변수를 고려한 연구모형을 설정하여 아버지 양육태도를 독립변수, 장애아동의 외현화 행동을 종속변수, 의도적 통제와 장애수용성을 각각 매개변수와 조절변수로 하는 구조적 인과 모형 및 조절모형을 통해 그 효과를 검증하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 아버지의 거부적이고 통제적인 양육태도는 장애아동의 외현화 행동에 직 · 간접적 부정적 영향을 유의미하게 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 아버지 및 아동의 장애수용성 정도에 따라 이러한 효과는 상황변수에 의해 조절되는데, 장애수용성이 높을수록 아버지의 양육태도에 의한 외현화 행동에의 부정적 효과는 상당히 완화됨을 알 수 있었다. 이에 아버지를 포함한 부모교육 및 아버지-자녀 간 상호작용 증진 프로그램, 아동과 아버지를 포함한 가족중심적 접근으로서의 자조모임등을 주요 실천전략으로 제언하였다. In order to promote smooth life cycle progress based on the larger framework of guaranteeing the right to correct development of children with disabilities, this study focused on externalizing behaviors that act as inhibitors not only in the present but also in the future, and empirically analyzed the change characteristics according to their factors, mechanisms, and situational factors to derive practical implications. Accordingly, after securing 116 households of disabled families including children with disabilities with convenient sampling methode and collecting data through a structured questionnaire, a research model considering the father variable and the disability characteristic situation variable, which had been neglected so far, was set to verify the effect through a structural causal model and a control model with father"s parenting attitude as an independent variable, externalized behavior of disabled children as the dependent variable, and effortful control and disability identity as parameters and control variables, respectively. As a result of the analysis, first, it was found that the father"s rejection and controlling parenting attitude significantly affected the externalizing behavior of children with disabilities. Second, these effects are adjusted according to the degree of disability acceptance of fathers and children, and it was found that the higher the disability acceptance, the more negative the negative effect on externalizing behavior caused by the father"s parenting attitude is significantly mitigated. Accordingly, the main practical strategies were proposed to educate parents including fathers, programs to promote father-child interaction, and self-help groups as a family-centered approach including children and fathers.