Abstract
A fucoidan extracted from Saccharina japonica was fractionated by anion exchange chromatography. The most complex fraction F0.5 was degraded by dilute sulphuric acid and then separated by use of an activated carbon column. Fraction Y1 was fractionated by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography while Fraction Y2 was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography. The fractions were determined by ESI-MS and analyzed by ESI-CID-MS/MS. It was concluded that F0.5 had a backbone of alternating 4-linked GlcA and 2-linked Man with the first Man residue from the nonreducing end accidentally sulfated at C6. In addition, F0.5 had a 3-linked glucuronan, in accordance with a previous report by NMR. Some other structural characteristics included GlcA 1→3 Man 1→4 GlcA, Man 1→3 GlcA 1→4 GlcA, Fuc 1→4 GlcA and Fuc 1→3 Fuc. Finally, it was shown that fucose was sulfated at C2 or C4 while galactose was sulfated at C2, C4 or C6.
Highlights
Fucoidan, which is a family of sulfated heteropolysaccharides extracted from brown algae and invertebrates, has been increasingly studied because of its biological activity, including antitumor activity [1,2], protective effects against γ-radiation-induced blood cell damage [3], antiangiogenic activity [4], immunodulating activity [5], inhibition of colony formation in human melanoma and colon cancer cells [6] and the most studied anticoagulant activity [7,8,9,10,11]
Y1 was fractioned by anion exchange chromatography to produce three fractions: YF, YD
Fraction YD and YT were purified by gel filtration chromatography with an elution of water (Supplementary data)
Summary
Fucoidan, which is a family of sulfated heteropolysaccharides extracted from brown algae and invertebrates, has been increasingly studied because of its biological activity, including antitumor activity [1,2], protective effects against γ-radiation-induced blood cell damage [3], antiangiogenic activity [4], immunodulating activity [5], inhibition of colony formation in human melanoma and colon cancer cells [6] and the most studied anticoagulant activity [7,8,9,10,11]. Sulfated and fucosylated glucuronomannan was found in Kjellmaniella crassifolia and investigated by Sakai et al [16] Later, it was reported [17] that fucoidan extracted from Hizikia fusiforme was composed of →2) α-D-Man (1→ and →4) β-D-GlcA (1→ alternatively while slight →4) β-D-Gal Oligosaccharide mixtures derived from sulfated carrageenan-derived oligosaccharides [19] and fucoidan of Ascophyllum nodosum [20], Fucus evanescens [13] and Laminaria cichorioides [21] have been analyzed by ESI-CID-MS/MS to elucidate the structural features of oligosaccharides It was reported [22] that a fucoidan isolated from Hizikia fusiforme was analyzed by partial acid hydrolysis followed by characterization of the oligosaccharide fragments using ESI-CID-MS/MS. This study is dedicated to structural characteristics of fucoidan extracted from Saccharina japonica using NMR, ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS
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