Structura of ripe seed of wild diploid representatives of Gossypium L.

Abstract

In the literature of past years, a large arsenal of knowledge about cotton has been accumulated. Much attention is paid to the study of the anatomical structure of the generative organs of cotton, which are of great scientific and practical importance. In modern breeding, wild species are often used by the parents of promising varieties, since they have very valuable biological properties for breeding. In modern literature there are works devoted to the study of correlations between the anatomical features of generative organs and biologically valuable features. The development of the seed coat of most species of the genus Gossypium L. has not yet been studied; therefore, it is relevant to conduct research on wild representatives of diploid species. The research results will significantly supplement the characteristics of the studied taxa and will serve as material in solving controversial issues of their taxonomy and phylogeny, as well as practical problems of breeding. We also determined the signs of hardness of the seed coat of the studied species, which correlate with early maturity. The level of advancement and the systematic position of certain species of the genus Gossypium L. were clarified.Analysis of all studied species established a correlation between the structural parameters of the seed and its rapid maturation in such species as wild African species G. barbosanum and G. soudanense, American G. trilobum and G. thurberi and both Australian species that can serve as starting material for modern breeding.