Abstract
We perform a density-matrix renormalization-group study of strongly interacting bosons on a three-leg ladder in the presence of a homogeneous flux. Focusing on one-third filling, we explore the phase diagram in dependence of the magnetic flux and the inter-leg tunneling strength. We find several phases including a Meissner phase, vortex liquids, a vortex lattice, as well as a staggered-current (SC) phase. Moreover, there are regions where the chiral current reverses its direction, both in the Meissner and in the SC phase. While the reversal in the latter case can be ascribed to spontaneous breaking of translational invariance, in the first it stems from an effective flux increase in the rung direction. Interactions are a necessary ingredient to realize either type of chiral-current reversal.
Highlights
Experimental progress with ultracold quantum gases has made feasible engineering the coupling between the different states of the atoms, in order to realize synthetic gauge fields [1, 2]
While exploiting the U(1) symmetry of the Hamiltonian associated to particle number conservation, we keep up to 4000 density-matrix renormalization-group (DMRG) states and the data in the figures of the main text are for L = 100, while we have considered L as large as L = 200 in the appendix
We find the following phases: (i) a Meissner phase (M-Mott insulator (MI)/M-SF), which shows a reversal of the current direction for large values of the flux, (ii) vortexliquid phases (V), (iii) a vortex lattices (VLs) phase, and (iv) SC phases (SC-MI/SC-SF)
Summary
Any further distribution of We perform a density-matrix renormalization-group study of strongly interacting bosons on a threethis work must maintain leg ladder in the presence of a homogeneous flux. Focusing on one-third filling, we explore the phase attribution to the author(s) and the title of diagram in dependence of the magnetic flux and the inter-leg tunneling strength. Phases including a Meissner phase, vortex liquids, a vortex lattice, as well as a staggered-current (SC). There are regions where the chiral current reverses its direction, both in the Meissner and in the SC phase. While the reversal in the latter case can be ascribed to spontaneous breaking of translational invariance, in the first it stems from an effective flux increase in the rung direction. Interactions are a necessary ingredient to realize either type of chiral-current reversal
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