Abstract
The strong light–matter interaction in ZnO-embedded microcavities has received great attention in recent years, due to its ability to generate the robust bosonic quasiparticles, exciton-polaritons, at or above room temperature. This review introduces the strong coupling effect in ZnO-based microcavities and describes the recent progress in this field. In addition, the report contains a systematic analysis of the room-temperature strong-coupling effects from relaxation to polariton lasing. The stable room temperature operation of polaritonic effects in a ZnO microcavity promises a wide range of practical applications in the future, such as ultra-low power consumption coherent light emitters in the ultraviolet region, polaritonic transport, and other fundamental of quantum optics in solid-state systems.
Highlights
Over the past two decades, strong light–matter interactions in solidstate systems have garnered much attention for applications in novel photonics devices
This review introduces the strong coupling effect in ZnO-based microcavities and describes the recent progress in this field
Semiconductor microcavities (MCs), which simultaneously offer good optical confinement with a small mode volume for the photonics portion and an excitonic layer for the matter portion of the strong coupling, are regarded as promising candidates for demonstrating and manipulating strong light–matter coupling in solid-state systems.[11]
Summary
Over the past two decades, strong light–matter interactions in solidstate systems have garnered much attention for applications in novel photonics devices. The polariton is the key factor in the strong coupling phenomena: a new bosonic quasiparticle that is a hybrid between matter and light and exhibits promise for investigating various fascinating effects including dynamical Bose condensation,[1,2,3,4] superfluidity[5,6] and quantized vortices.[7,8,9,10] Semiconductor microcavities (MCs), which simultaneously offer good optical confinement with a small mode volume for the photonics portion and an excitonic layer for the matter portion of the strong coupling, are regarded as promising candidates for demonstrating and manipulating strong light–matter coupling in solid-state systems.[11] Because the semiconductor MCs undergo a strong coupling regime, the coupling rate between the bared exciton modes and the confined photon modes is faster than their dissipation rates. The new eigenstates generated from the strong exciton–photon coupling are called exciton-polaritons[12] and exhibit a relatively small effective mass compared with atomic hydrogen, tunable dispersion curves, and the bosonic statistics at low densities. The critical temperatures of the polariton condensate could even be elevated to room temperature, a basic condition for practical applications, due to the extremely small effective mass of the polaritons
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