Abstract
This paper is concerned with strong Li–Yorke chaos induced by [Formula: see text]-coupled-expansion for time-varying (i.e. nonautonomous) discrete systems in metric spaces. Some criteria of chaos in the strong sense of Li–Yorke are established via strict coupled-expansions for irreducible transition matrices in bounded and closed subsets of complete metric spaces and in compact subsets of metric spaces, respectively, where their conditions are weaker than those in the existing literature. One example is provided for illustration.
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