Strong-Interaction Matter under Extreme Conditions from Chiral Quark Models with Nonlocal Separable Interactions

Daniel Gómez Dumm,Juan Pablo Carlomagno,Norberto N Scoccola

doi:10.3390/sym13010121

Daniel Gómez Dumm, Juan Pablo Carlomagno + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010121

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Abstract

We review the current status of the research on effective nonlocal NJL-like chiral quark models with separable interactions, focusing on the application of this approach to the description of the properties of hadronic and quark matter under extreme conditions. The analysis includes the predictions for various hadron properties in vacuum, as well as the study of the features of deconfinement and chiral restoration phase transitions for systems at finite temperature and/or density. We also address other related subjects, such as the study of phase transitions for imaginary chemical potentials, the possible existence of inhomogeneous phase regions, the presence of color superconductivity, the effects produced by strong external magnetic fields and the application to the description of compact stellar objects.

Highlights

The detailed understanding of the behavior of strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions of temperature and/or density has attracted great attention in the past decades
We address other related subjects, such as the study of phase transitions for imaginary chemical potentials, the possible existence of inhomogeneous phase regions, the presence of color superconductivity, the effects produced by strong external magnetic fields and the application to the description of compact stellar objects
We address other related subjects, such as the study of phase transitions for imaginary chemical potentials, the possible existence of inhomogeneous phase regions, the presence of color superconductivity, the effects produced by strong external magnetic fields and the applications to the description of compact stellar objects

Summary

Introduction

The detailed understanding of the behavior of strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions of temperature and/or density has attracted great attention in the past decades. The properties of strong-interaction matter are being studied by large research programs at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC, Brookhaven), as well as at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) in CERN Experiments at these facilities allow for the exploration of the properties of hot and dense matter created in collisions of ultrarelativistic heavy ions [4,5]. The variation of collision energies at RHIC through the beam energy scan (BES) program [6] has enabled the systematical exploration of the phase structure of stronginteraction matter at nonzero chemical potential These studies will be complemented in the future by experiments at the facilities FAIR in Darmstadt and NICA in Dubna, reaching in this way experimental access to the bulk of the phase diagram. Our present theoretical understanding of the strong-interaction matter phase diagram largely relies on the use of effective models of low energy QCD that show consistency with LQCD results at μB 0 and can be extrapolated into regions not accessible by lattice calculation techniques

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