Abstract
Guided by Babinet’s principle, we explore strong coupling between the effective magnetic dipole moments of complementary split-slotring metamaterials and the magnetic field of a cavity radiation mode. The strong coupling is demonstrated by a pronounced Rabi splitting of the cavity polariton resonances, corresponding to the ultrastrong coupling regime, with the metamaterial placed at a magnetic-field anti-node of the bare cavity radiation mode, where the corresponding electric field vanishes and no strong interaction was previously observed with a metamaterial consisting of electric dipole resonators. Moreover, exploiting the complementary bandpass/bandstop characteristics of the split-slotring resonators, we realize a dual cavity, coupled via the intermediate metamaterial, and observe strong interaction among two photons and the plasmon in the cavity. When the dual cavity is degenerate, the three-particle interaction collapses to an effective two-particle interaction, where the generalized Rabi splitting is increased by a factor of 2 compared to the single-cavity case involving only one photon and one plasmon. The experimental results are supported both by classical electromagnetic simulations and coupled-oscillator models adopted from cavity quantum electrodynamics.
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