Abstract
The survival probability of early human conceptions is very low. At least 73% of natural single conceptions have no real chance of surviving six weeks of gestation. After six weeks, survival rates improve rapidly as 90% of the remainder will survive to term. This low fetal loss rate is close to the low rates of 1% - 2.9% for different methods of artificial reproduction . From 16 weeks the rate of loss reduces further, to around 1% .
Highlights
As there is a great need for better knowledge and services, a recent editorial article in The Lancet pleaded for worldwide reform to improve the care of women who have had a miscarriage [6]
Very little information is available on rates and common causes of spontaneous second- or mid-trimester miscarriage, possibly due to the global lack of reporting systems
While national statistics of these fetal deaths are kept, there is no information about losses that occur before the mentioned cut-off gestation periods
Summary
Survival rates improve rapidly as 90% of the remainder will survive to term. This low fetal loss rate is close to the low rates of 1% - 2.9% for different methods of artificial reproduction [2]. Miscarriage is the loss of pregnancy before fetal viability and has a pooled risk of 15.3% (95% CI: 12.5-18.7) [5]. While national statistics of these fetal deaths are kept, there is no information about losses that occur before the mentioned cut-off gestation periods. In the UK, 12-24 weeks gestational age is defined as a late miscarriage [11,12] with prevalence rates varying between 0.7% and 3%.
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