Abstract
Enhanced green and red upconversion emissions are observed in Er/Yb:LiNbO3 codoped with 3 mol% In3+ ions under both 1550 nm and 980 nm excitation, which provides more probabilities to increase efficiently the solar spectrum response and further increase the photovoltaic efficiency of solar cells. The energy transfer (ET: 2F7/2 Yb + 4I11/2 Er → 2F5/2 Yb + 4I15/2 Er) and the energy back transfer (EBT: 2F5/2 Yb + 4I13/2 Er → 2F7/2 Yb + 4F9/2 Er) processes are also responsible for the population of the red emitting 4F9/2 state (Er) under 1550 nm excitation. The increased red emission is attributed to the dissociation of Er3+ cluster sites in the In/Er/Yb:LiNbO3 crystal.
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