Abstract
SUMMARYA search of the literature reveals that there are three species of stromatic Pyrenomycetes which produce ascospores with characteristic wall sculpturing similar to those of Neurospora. For this group of fungi, Stromatoneurospora Jong & Davis is described as a new genus of the Xylariaceae. The genus is typified by S. phoenix (Kunze) Jong & Davis (syn. Sphaeria phoenix Kunze). The type species is described in detail and illustrated. Chromocreopsis striispora Stevenson is considered as a facultative synonym of S. phoenix. A new combination is proposed as S. elegantissima (Rick) Jong & Davis (syn. Xylocrea elegantissima Rick). This taxon differs from the type species in having much larger ascospores.
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