Stromal vascular fraction improves the durability of autologous fat temple augmentation—A split-face randomized study using ultrasound biomicroscopy

Abstract

Autologous lipotransfer aims to restore aging-associated volume loss, but with low predictability owing to 20-90% first-year loss of transferred fat. Enrichment by adipose-derived stem cells within the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) aims to improve volume retention through their differentiation potential and paracrine actions exerted by secreted trophic and angiogenic factors. Assessing studies lacked split-face designs, and used multitudes of enrichment ratios, preparation techniques and evaluation methods ending in contradictory reports regarding enrichment advantage. To test whether enriching the autologous fat graft with SVF will increase its residual volume as compared to non-enriched graft. A standardized enrichment protocol and ratio and objective assessment were employed. In a split-face design, and after random assignment, bilateral temple augmentation using non-enriched versus SVF-enriched autologous lipotransfer were compared in middle-aged females otherwise healthy non-pregnant or breast-feeding females abstaining from esthetic or weight-controlling procedures. Temple volume scale (TVS), skin layers' thickness measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), visual analog scale for patients' satisfaction, and side effects were blindly assessed at 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months. In the included 15 females, TVS was significantly lower (0.5±0.5 versus 1.1±0.7, P=0.0001), and% hypodermal augmentation was significantly higher (70.92±58.09 versus 18.93±19.33, P=0.001) on the SVF-enriched side at 6 months. Patient satisfaction was similar bilaterally (P=1), as were sequelae frequencies as lumping, edema, and ecchymosis. SVF enrichment of transferred fat significantly improved its residual volume at 6 months; a conclusion that needs further validation. UBM was an informative objective tool for the following temple skin thickness changes. Trial registration clinical trials.gov (NCT03965936).