Abstract
Background aimsAdipose tissue is a rich and very convenient source of cells for regenerative medicine therapeutic approaches. However, a characterization of the population of adipose-derived stromal and stem cells (ASCs) with the greatest therapeutic potential remains unclear. Under the authority of International Federation of Adipose Therapeutics and International Society for Cellular Therapy, this paper sets out to establish minimal definitions of stromal cells both as uncultured stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and as an adherent stromal/stem cells population. MethodsPhenotypic and functional criteria for the identification of adipose-derived cells were drawn from the literature. ResultsIn the SVF, cells are identified phenotypically by the following markers: CD45-CD235a-CD31-CD34+. Added value may be provided by both a viability marker and the following surface antigens: CD13, CD73, CD90 and CD105. The fibroblastoid colony-forming unit assay permits the evaluation of progenitor frequency in the SVF population. In culture, ASCs retain markers in common with other mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), including CD90, CD73, CD105, and CD44 and remain negative for CD45 and CD31. They can be distinguished from bone-marrow-derived MSCs by their positivity for CD36 and negativity for CD106. The CFU-F assay is recommended to calculate population doublings capacity of ASCs. The adipocytic, chondroblastic and osteoblastic differentiation assays serve to complete the cell identification and potency assessment in conjunction with a quantitative evaluation of the differentiation either biochemically or by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. ConclusionsThe goal of this paper is to provide initial guidance for the scientific community working with adipose-derived cells and to facilitate development of international standards based on reproducible parameters.
Highlights
The use of adipose tissue-derived progenitors as a therapeutic has grown substantially in the past decade and has sparked the growth of a new research field and industry worldwide
To adopt a coherent approach with the characterization of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), we suggest performing an evaluation of progenitor frequency by a secondary CFU-F assay where passage 1 ASCs are seeded at a density of 2e4 cells/cm2 and evaluated for colony formation after an 11e14 day incubation period
The features described in this paper are designed to facilitate further progressive development of international standards based on reproducible parameters and endpoints that will possibly harmonize cellular products across boundaries and accelerate the delivery of safe and effective ASC-based tools to the medical community and the patients it serves
Summary
Stromal cells from the adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction and culture expanded adipose tissue-derived stromal/stem cells: a joint statement of the International Federation for Adipose Therapeutics and Science (IFATS) and the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). BUNNELL2, LOUIS CASTEILLA3, MASSIMO DOMINICI4, ADAM J. PETER RUBIN8, KOTARO YOSHIMURA9 & JEFFREY M.
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