Strokes secondary to hypertensive peaks in emergencies

Abstract

Stroke is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. It is defined as a rapid development of localized neurological deficit or a cerebral dysfunction lasting more than 24 hours. Stroke can be haemorrhagic in 20% of cases. It is a common and serious pathology due to the important mortality rate and the major risk of disability and recurrence. A Retrospective study during 6 months ranging from March to September 2017. There were 42 hypertensive patients with a median age of 77 years (25% < 55 years and 22% > 85 years). The risk factors found in these hypertensive patients included: diabetes (33%), dyslipidemia (18%), smoking (67%), obesity (27%), a family history of haemorrhagic stroke (18%), arrhythmias (15%), cardiac valvulopathies, coronary diseases (27%) and arterial dissection (3%). The diagnosis and management were based on the rapid call of the SAMU, rapid clinical examination and CT scan and finally the hospitalization in a specialized unit. The delay of consultation, found in 75% of the cases, was the major cause of complications mainly: serious sequelae, important disorders of consciousness and deep coma requiring a management in intensive care unit. The prevention of risk factors and the reduction of time to management are the necessary conditions for a better prognosis of hemorrhagic stroke.