Strokes: A complication of mitral-leaflet prolapse?

Abstract

During a prospective trial of platelet-inhibiting drugs in patients with transient ischaemic attacks (T.I.A.s), 14 patients had serious neurological dysfunction and normal cerebral angiograms. The patients (mean age 37 years) had neurological episodes over a period of 1-4 years consisting of acute non-progressive strokes with residual symptoms. In 3 patients, the two cerebral hemispheres were involved on different occasions. Cerebral angiograms showed no significant atheromatous disease in the intracranial or extracranial vessels. 3 patients had mid-systolic clicks, 5 had systolic murmurs, and 2 patients had both a click and a murmur. Holter electrocardiographic monitoring revealed atrial, junctional, or ventricular extrasystoles (5 patients), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (3), and paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia (1). Left ventricular angiography confirmed mitral-leaflet prolapse in all the patients. The focal nature of the T.I.A.s suggests an embolic event, the embolus arising from the abnormal mitral valve. In a patient not included in this series, a small antemortem left atrial thrombus was found at necropsy.