STROKE

Abstract

Objective: To determine the risk factors, clinical manifestations, and diagnosticoutcome of stroke among patients admitted in CMH Jhelum. Study design: Descriptive caseseries. Place and duration of study: Medicine Department Combined Military Hospital JhelumCantonment from January 2013 to February 2014. Material and methods: A sample size of 200was obtained with an equal number of male and female patients. After formal consent a detailedhistory was taken regarding hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and Performa was filled.Investigations like Fasting blood sugar, serum cholesterol, and CT scan brain were also done,other relevant data like name, age, gender, and address, were collected. Patient admittedwith clinical presentation of stroke later being diagnosed on CT scan brain as ischemic orhemorrhagic were included. Stroke secondary to vascular lesions, space occupying lesions, andblood dyscrasias were excluded from study because these cases would act as effect modifierand interfere with results, thus producing bias in this study. Results: A total number of 200patients were included in this study with an equal ratio of male and female. Range of age groupwas 40 to 80 years while mean age group involved was 70.01 ± 13.02 years old. Most commonclinical manifestations were weakness of right half of the body that is 51.5%, weakness lefthalf 25%, and coma 13.5%. Hypertension found to be leading risk factor of stroke with 58.5%,while diabetes found in 24.5%, smoking 8%, obesity 5%, and high cholesterol in 4% of patients.Diagnostic outcome was ischemic stroke in most of the patients (71%) and hemorrhagic strokein 29%. Conclusion: Modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesityand high cholesterol are found to the key risk factors. These can be easily controlled by life stylemodification and effective medication therapy resulting a significant reduction the morbidity andmortality of stroke.