Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. It is important to verify the effect of AF on the outcomes of stroke. Objective To compare stroke severity and outcomes regarding stroke victims with and without AF. Methods Analysis of the medical data (including age, sex, stroke type, localization, treatment method, severity and outcomes of the stroke (according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Barthel index score, death), antithrombotic treatment) of 200 stroke patients (100 with AF, 100 without AF). Results Patients with AF were older than non-AF patients (76.19 ± 9.4 vs. 66.99 ± 11.7, p<0.001), there were more women among them (63 vs. 39, p=0.01). 53 patients with AF had used anticoagulants (AC) before stroke (most of them were used ineffectively), 99 had had indications to use them. The distribution of the type of the stroke did not differ significantly between groups. AF patients had stroke in the area of the brain supplied by the carotid artery more often (95% vs. 78%, p<0.001). Initial stroke severity (p=0.006), NIHSS after thrombolysis (p=0.008), NIHSS 7 days after thrombolysis (p=0.01) was higher in AF patients; Barthel index score (p=0.194) and mortality (p=0.323) did not differ. Conclusion Patients with AF experienced more severe strokes and presented higher neurologic deficits than patients without this condition. Nevertheless, the mortality and patients' final functional status did not differ. AC usage in patients with AF did not alleviate neurologic deficits and stroke outcomes possibly due to their insufficient usage.
Highlights
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third most preeminent cause of disability worldwide [1]
Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients had stroke in the area of the brain supplied by the carotid artery more often (95% vs. 78%, p
One of the patients who had not received any antithrombotic treatment had a CHA2DS2-VASc score that had not indicated antithrombotic treatment according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines [13]
Summary
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third most preeminent cause of disability worldwide [1]. As a result of enhancing prophylaxis, diagnostics, more attainable and sufficient treatment stroke related mortality is abating, stroke with its consequences still engender colossal economic, social and medical concerns which are only increasing [2]. AF is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke (IS). It increases the risk of IS in all age groups, especially in the elderly [4, 5]. The increasing incidence and prevalence of stroke and AF itself is related to the aging of population [6]. It is entrenched that the incidences of AF among patients with IS are surging rapidly and results in higher general fatality as well as higher stroke mortality rates [7, 8]. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. It is important to verify the effect of AF on the outcomes of stroke
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