Stroke in the very old: A study from the Philippine Neurological Association One Database.

Abstract

The very old, although a minority in many populations, experience stroke with distinct risk factors and more complications. We sought to understand the profile, stroke subtypes, risk factors and outcomes among the very old compared to younger stroke patients in our population in the Philippine Neurological Association One Database-Stroke (PNA1DB-Stroke). The PNA1DB-Stroke registry (clinicaltrial.gov NCT04972058) is a multi-centre, prospective database of all patients hospitalised for transient ischaemic attack or acute stroke in 11 neurology residency training institutions. Of the 6314 patients with stroke, 463 (7%) were 80 years or older, and among them, 320 (69%) were women. Traditional risk factors were more frequent in the very old compared to the younger group (hypertension 76% vs. 66%, diabetes mellitus 26% vs. 19%, previous stroke 14% vs. 10%, atrial fibrillation 13% vs. 3%; p ≤ .005), while current smoking (5%) and excess alcohol consumption (4%) were less common than in younger stroke patients (p < .001). Overall, in-hospital fatality was not remarkably increased in our very old compared to younger stroke patients, with comparable rates between cases of ischaemic stroke (18%) and intracerebral haemorrhage (20%). However, they had longer hospital stay (mean 13.4 ± 17.2 days vs. 10.9 ± 15.4 days, p = .001), had more medical complications (p < .001) and were more functionally dependent at discharge (p < .0001). Very old stroke patients have relatively more risk factors for stroke. In-hospital fatality rates are comparable between ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes. Risk factor modification, prevention of medical complications and optimisation of functional recovery are potential strategies in managing stroke in the very old.