Abstract
BackgroundStroke is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Several definite risk factors have been identified for stroke, although infectious factors might also contribute to stroke episodes through increased susceptibility or direct induction.Case presentationA 46-year-old Chinese male initially presented with fever, headache, and impaired memory and developed disturbance of consciousness after admission. A clinical diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus sepsis, massive cerebral infarction and haemorrhagic transformation (left internal carotid arterial system, inflammatory thrombus) were made based on brain radiography, blood culture and postoperative pathological examinations. These symptoms improved following antibiotic therapy with vancomycin and conventional treatments for stroke.ConclusionFor stroke patients without traditional cerebrovascular risk factors but with signs of infection, infectious causes should be considered.
Highlights
Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide
One case admitted to our hospital due to stroke induced by Staphylococcus aureus sepsis is described with the purpose of increasing clinicians’ understanding of infectious stroke
Based on the current patient’s medical history, physical examination, and laboratory, radiology and pathological examinations, the aetiology of stroke was considered to be embolic stroke and subsequent haemorrhagic transformation as a result of migration of the septic emboli induced by systematic Staphylococcus aureus infection to the left internal carotid artery system
Summary
Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide [1], and several definite risk factors have been identified for stroke. On the way to the radiology department, the patient experienced further aggravation of unconsciousness and entered a light coma, concomitant with limb seizure, gazing to the left of bilateral eyes, equal size and round shape of bilateral pupils with diameters of approximately 2.0 mm, and disappearance of the light reflex. The patient experienced further aggravation of unconsciousness and entered a moderate coma, concomitant with high fever (body temperature 39.9 °C), bilateral pupils: left versus right = 5.0 mm versus 3.0 mm, respectively, disappearance of the light reflex, increased muscle tone of the right limbs, and positive pathological signs of bilateral limbs. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was E4V4M6, and the modified Rankin scale score was 3
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