Abstract
Skyrmions are important in quantum field theory and information technology for being topological solitons and for their attractive applications. Magnetic skyrmions are believed to be circular and stripy spin textures accompanied skyrmion crystals (SkXs) termed spiral/helical/cycloid orders have zero skyrmion number. Here we show that those stripy spin textures are skyrmions, siblings of circular skyrmions in SkXs and cousins of isolated circular skyrmions. Various irregular morphologies are the nature structures of skyrmions in the ground states. At the extreme of one skyrmion in the whole sample, the skyrmion is a ramified stripe. As the skyrmion number density increases, skyrmion shapes gradually change from ramified stripes to rectangular stripes, and eventually to circular objects. At a high skyrmion number density, SkXs are the preferred states. Our findings reveal the nature and properties of stripy spin texture, and open an avenue for manipulating skyrmions.
Highlights
Skyrmions are important in quantum field theory and information technology for being topological solitons and for their attractive applications
We show that stripy magnetic textures appear in a chiral magnetic film with Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) are irregular skyrmions
We have showed that stripe and ramified stripe skyrmions are essentially the same as the circular skyrmions in SkXs
Summary
Skyrmions are important in quantum field theory and information technology for being topological solitons and for their attractive applications. Magnetic skyrmions are believed to be circular and stripy spin textures accompanied skyrmion crystals (SkXs) termed spiral/ helical/cycloid orders have zero skyrmion number. Q must be an integer for an infinite magnetic film, and a non-zero Q spin texture is called a skyrmion of skyrmion number Q. It was isolated circular skyrmions, not an SkX, that were predicted in early theories[8,9]. Stripes, which can even coexist with SkXs, are easier to form than an SkX does Those stripy phases do not appear together with isolated skyrmions. Stripes were observed many years before the SkXs16 These stripy phases are called helical, spiral, and cycloid spin orders. A one-dimensional model[9,17,18,19,20,21] was used to describe the rotation of spins perpendicular to stripes
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