Strike-slip faults and their significance for hydrocarbon accumulation in Gaoshiti–Moxi area, Sichuan Basin, SW China

Abstract

Abstract Based on the three dimensional seismic data and drilling data in Gaoshiti–Moxi area, the structural characteristics and evolution process of strike-slip faults in the study area and their significance for gas accumulation were examined using the method of fault structure analysis. The results show that: (1) Transtensional strike-slip faults are developed in the Paleozoic in study area. On the profile, there are three types of structural styles: steep and erect, flower structures, “Y” and reversed “Y” type faults. On the plane, strike-slip faults developed in the Cambrian extending linearly and along the nearly EW, NW and NE direction. The faults are composed of multiple secondary faults in en-echelon arrangement; faults in the Permian are mainly along nearly EW and NW direction, and the Permian faults are distributed in the middle east part of the study area and they are more in the north than in the south. (2) The nearly EW and NW trending faults are dextral strike-slip faults, and the NE trending faults are sinistral strike-slip faults. The strike-slip strength of the nearly EW trending faults are the strongest and the maximum horizontal displacement is 550 m, while the strike-slip strength of the NE trending faults is the weakest. The Cambrian faults had stronger activities than the Permian faults. (3) The transtensional strike-slip faults were active in two periods, the early Caledonian period and the late Hercynian period, and were the products of oblique extension of pre-existing weak zones in Xingkai and Emei taphrogenesis, with certain inheritance in the main faults. (4) The strike-slip faults and surrounding fractures enhance the porosity and permeability of the reservoir in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation and control the distribution of karst reservoirs in the Permian Qixia Formation–Maokou Formation, bringing about the situation of multiple gases bearing series in this area.