Strigolactone Signaling Genes Showing Differential Expression Patterns in Arabidopsis max Mutants.

Manu Kumar,Inyoung Kim,Hyun Uk Kim,Jae Bok Heo,Yeon-Ki Kim,Mi Chung Suh

doi:10.3390/plants8090352

Manu Kumar, Inyoung Kim + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8090352

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Abstract

Strigolactone (SL) is a recently discovered class of phytohormone that inhibits shoot branching. The molecular mechanism underlying SL biosynthesis, perception, and signal transduction is vital to the plant branching phenotype. Some aspects of their biosynthesis, perception, and signaling include the role of four MORE AXILLARY GROWTH genes, MAX3, MAX4, MAX1, and MAX2. It is important to identify downstream genes that are involved in SL signaling. To achieve this, we studied the genomic aspects of the strigolactone biosynthesis pathway using microarray analysis of four max mutants. We identified SL signaling candidate genes that showed differential expression patterns in max mutants. More specifically, 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE 4 (ACC4) and PROTEIN KINASE 3 (PKS3) displayed contrasting expression patterns, indicating a regulatory mechanism in SL signaling pathway to control different phenotypes apart from branching phenotype.

Highlights

Strigolactones (SLs) are known for stimulating seed germination in species of the generaOrobanche, Phelipanche, and Striga [1,2,3]
We investigated downstream genes that responded or regulated the strigolactone pathway using a microarray in four Arabidopsis max mutants; max3, max4, max1, and max2
These genes translate into functional protein enzymes, such as CCD7 (MAX3), CCD8 (MAX4), P450 (MAX1), and F-box (MAX2) [16,34,35,39]

Summary

Introduction

Strigolactones (SLs) are known for stimulating seed germination in species of the generaOrobanche, Phelipanche, and Striga [1,2,3]. The release of SLs from roots into the rhizosphere under nutrient-deprived conditions is the first response for the symbiotic association with host arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to boost its capacity to uptake sugars, minerals, and water [1,4]. This process validates the importance of SLs in root exudates as a chemical signal that initiates germination and induces branching to promote the pre-symbiotic growth of these fungi for access to phosphorus, water, and other minerals, and in return provides photosynthetic products [1,5,6,7]. According to recently published reports, SLs are involved in the plant response to abiotic stress [21,22,23,24,25,26]

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