Stridor and emphysema due to cystic echinococcosis in cattle and buffalo intermediate hosts in Punjab, India.

Abstract

The clinical symptoms associated with hydatid disease in the bovine populations remain largely unknown and the disease is usually considered asymptomatic in these intermediate hosts. We report occurrence of symptoms such as sudden onset of continuous stridor, coughing and wheezing due to hydatid cysts present in the lungs of infected cattle and buffalo. Two cattle and one buffalo presented to the Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences University with the complaint of continuous stridor, coughing and wheezing with normal feed and water intake were followed up. The comprehensive clinical examination followed by haematology, radiography of upper and lower respiratory tract, ultrasonography of lungs, liver and reticulum revealed presence of multiple hydatid cysts in the lung parenchyma. There was presence of subcutaneous emphysema in one of the infected animal. Radiography revealed cysts occupying up to 60% of alveolar space in the lungs. Endoscopy up to hilus was carried out to rule out the presence of any other mass/lesion in the respiratory tract. Per cutaneous aspiration (Ultrasound guided) of cystic fluid confirmed the diagnosis and fertile nature of hydatid cysts. The current study reports association of stridor and emphysema with hydatid disease in bovine hosts and it is important that veterinary practitioners in endemic areas consider hydatid disease for differential diagnosis when investigating the etiology of stridor and emphysema in bovine intermediate hosts.