Abstract
The development of flexible and stretchable sensors has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. In particular, stretchable, skin-like, wearable sensors are desirable for a variety of potential applications such as personalized health monitoring, human-machine interfaces, and environmental sensing. In this paper, we review recent advancements in the development of mechanically flexible and stretchable sensors and systems that can be used to quantitatively assess environmental parameters including light, temperature, humidity, gas, and pH. We discuss innovations in the device structure, material selection, and fabrication methods which explain the stretchability characteristics of these environmental sensors and provide a detailed and comparative study of their sensing mechanisms, sensor characteristics, mechanical performance, and limitations. Finally, we provide a summary of current challenges and an outlook on opportunities for possible future research directions for this emerging field.
Highlights
We review recent advancements in the development of mechanically flexible and stretchable sensors and systems that can be used to quantitatively assess environmental parameters including light, temperature, humidity, gas, and pH
Scitation.org/journal/are actuators,[19,20,21,22,23,24,25] energy harvesting and storage,[26,27,28] lighting,[29,30,31] and medical and healthcare.[32,33,34,35,36]. Because they can be integrated with soft materials and curvilinear surfaces, stretchable electronics will provide the foundation for applications that exceed the scope of conventional semiconductors and printed circuit board (PCB) technologies
We summarized the latest achievements in stretchable environmental sensors for monitoring light, temperature, humidity, pH, and gases
Summary
Two approaches have been developed for realizing firstgeneration stretchable environmental sensors.[37] The first approach, geometry engineering, involves modifying the structure and geometry of non-stretchable materials or systems, and so, they can be stretched without inducing significant local strain that would break the electrical conduction path. This type of stretchable electronics usually exhibits better electronic performance by taking advantage of conventional electronic materials. The second approach involves synthesizing materials that are intrinsically stretchable from a macroscopic viewpoint, thereby enabling intimate contact and integration to human skin or organs. We summarize state-of-the-art advances in both strategies, especially those that have been explored to realize stretchable environmental sensors
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