Stress responses, pressure ulcer development and adaptation

Abstract

This case study explores the possible psychosocial concepts underpinning a spinal cord-injured patients' pressure ulcer development, his response to the treatment offered and subsequent self-discharge. By examining both the physiological and psychological reactions of stress through conceptual models, it was possible to depict that there is a close relationship between autonomic responses and an individual's emotional and appraisal attributes. The effect of stress on the immune system was reviewed, with particular focus placed on the wound-healing process and the inflammatory phase. This identified a probable correlation between emotional stress and pressure ulcer development. An individual's reaction to emotional stressors is frequently associated with his/her unique coping strategies and their interplay with social support mechanisms. This case study will depict both positive and negative coping strategies and how the lack of social support influenced the final outcome. Through the provision of an anonymous patient history, investigation will be made into the effects of stress experienced by a patient. Models of stress and the patient's related physiological and psychological reactions will be discussed. Examination will be made into how the use of social support could have influenced the patient's coping mechanisms.