Stress in adults with congenital deafblindness and an intellectual disability: Information from their cortisol curves

Abstract

Adults with congenital deafblindness and an intellectual disability are at high risk for exposure to chronic and severe stress. Sensory deprivation, separations from primary caregivers, and difficulties in communication, from birth on, make daily life stressful for them. Chronic and high stress can lead to deviancies in the cortisol curve. This, in turn, can have negative effects on mental and physical health. Nothing is known yet about the cortisol curve of adults with congenital deafblindness and an intellectual disability, but our hypothesis is that it will be deviant. In this study, the cortisol curve of six participants with congenital deafblindness was compared to the curve of 40 typical controls. Remarkably, in spite of all past and present stress factors, the cortisol curve of the participants was rather normal. Possible explanations for this finding are discussed, amongst others individual differences in experiencing stress. Implications for further research are discussed.