STRESS-DEFORMED STATE RESEARCH OF THE MAIN GIRDER IN THE SINGLE-GIRDER CRANE AND SELECTION OF A RATIONAL SECTION

Abstract

The paper studies of the stress-strain state of the main girder of a single-girder crane were carried out using finite element analysis. A large share of the mechanization of various production processes is made up of lifting and transporting machines. Overhead cranes are the main lifting equipment of production shops. Single-beam cranes are widely used in all parts of workshops: in the machine room, in the warehouse of finished products. The use of crane equipment, its trouble-free operation determines the efficiency of modern production and the productivity of the enterprise. Reducing the weight of the crane, its cost price while maintaining and even improving the technical characteristics is an urgent requirement of the time. The design and optimization of modern metal constructions of cranes is a complex task that requires the use of numerical modeling. To analyze the resulting stresses and movements in Autodesk Invertor 2018, a 3D model of the main girder of a single-girder overhead crane with a load capacity of 2 tons and a span of 6 meters was built. The material of the main beam of the crane is СТ09Г2С steel. In the study, a finite-element model of the metal structure of a bridge suspended single-girder crane was developed and a finite-element static analysis was made in order to determine the stress-strain state of the metal structure in the most loaded state. Boundary conditions for fixing the beam and the load were set, taking into account the own weight of the beam and the weight of the electric hoist. The distribution of stresses and displacements along the entire length of the beam was analyzed. In order to reduce the weight of the crane, four versions of the metal structure were analyzed: basic and three with reduced weight. After the analysis of the stressed-strained state, the most optimal option was proposed. Prospects for the development of further study of this problem were also identified. Keywords: beam, stress, deformation, finite element analysis.